président birmanie 2019

Il s'agissait du deuxième scrutin général depuis 2011, année de la dissolution de la junte qui a régné pendant un demi-siècle sur le pays. Under her leadership, that means expanding access to affordable healthcare, improving education and skills training, respecting working families, cleaning up Michigan’s drinking water, and of course, fixing the roads. [52] Aung Gyi later accused several NLD members of being communists and resigned from the party. If it's not related to Aung San Suu Kyi, you can have deeper discussions with Myanmar. In 2012, Aung San Suu Kyi set up the charity Daw Khin Kyi Foundation to improve health, education and living standards in underdeveloped parts of Myanmar. Aung San Suu Kyi has been an honorary board member of. [53] Instead, the results were nullified and the military refused to hand over power, resulting in an international outcry. La Birmanie est sortie il y a tout juste dix ans d'un régime militaire au pouvoir pendant presque un demi-siècle. [39], Aris died on his 53rd birthday on 27 March 1999. Aung San Suu Kyi became a Pyithu Hluttaw MP while her party won 43 of the 45 vacant seats in the 2012 by-elections. Sous prétexte de la pandémie de coronavirus, les élections "n'ont pas été libres, ni justes", avait assuré la semaine dernière lors d'une conférence de presse le porte-parole de l'armée, le major général Zaw Min Tun. [113] The Burmese government strongly condemned the statement, as it created an "unsound tradition"[114] and criticised Thailand for meddling in its internal affairs. 24 October 2007: Reached 12 years under house arrest, 27 May 2008: House arrest extended for another year, which is illegal under both. [28] However, in September 1988, a new military junta took power. [261], In January 2020, the International Court of Justice decided that there was a "real and imminent risk of irreparable prejudice to the rights" of the Rohingya. [257], In early October 2018, both the Canadian Senate and its House of Commons voted unanimously to strip Aung San Suu Kyi of her honorary citizenship. [192] According to the Los Angeles Times, "Suu Kyi and her colleagues decided they could do more by joining as lawmakers than maintaining their boycott on principle. She also worked for the government of the Union of Burma. [173] On 18 January 2012, Aung San Suu Kyi formally registered to contest a Pyithu Hluttaw (lower house) seat in the Kawhmu Township constituency in special parliamentary elections to be held on 1 April 2012. The next day, her role as State Counsellor was established. Ces événements surviennent après plusieurs jours de tensions croissantes entre le gouvernement civil et l'armée qui ont laissé craindre un coup d'État. [37][38] She was elected as an Honorary Fellow of St Hugh's in 1990. ", "What Happened to Myanmar's Human-Rights Icon? She was also separated from her children, who live in the United Kingdom, but starting in 2011, they have visited her in Burma. [243] On 13 November 2017, Bob Geldof returned his Freedom of the City of Dublin award in protest over Aung San Suu Kyi also holding the accolade, stating that he does not "wish to be associated in any way with an individual currently engaged in the mass ethnic cleansing of the Rohingya people of north-west Burma". [156] This was the date her detention had been set to expire according to a court ruling in August 2009[157] and came six days after a widely criticised general election. Le contenu auquel vous tentez d'accéder n'existe pas ou n'est plus disponible. Therefore, the court ordered the Burmese government to take "all measures within its power" to protect the Rohingya from genocidal actions. Before the elections, Aung San Suu Kyi announced that even though she is constitutionally barred from the presidency, she would hold the real power in any NLD-led government. L'armée a, dans la foulée, proclamé l'état d'urgence pour un an. Le porte-parole du parti au pouvoir en Birmanie a affirmé lundi que la dirigeante Aung San Suu Kyi avait été arrêtée et a accusé l'armée d'organiser un "coup d'État". During Aung San Suu Kyi's visit to Europe, she visited the Swiss parliament, collected her 1991 Nobel Prize in Oslo and her honorary degree from the University of Oxford. [12] In a speech of over 3,000 words, Suu Kyi did not use the term "Rohingya" in describing the ethnic group. Elle a passé 15 ans en résidence surveillée avant d'être libérée par l'armée en 2010. En troisième position sur la liste dirigée par Michel Calvet pour les élections des conseillers consulaires en 2014, j’ai remplacé celui-ci … Il est bordé par la mer dAndaman au sud et par le golfe du Bengale au sud-ouest, avec environ 2 000 kilomètres de côtes. La Birmanie, dont la cheffe de facto du pays, Aung San Suu Kyi, a été arrêtée lundi suite à un coup d'Etat, a eu trois présidents civils après l'indépendance de 1948. [266] Aung San Suu Kyi reacted to widespread international criticism of the verdict by stating: "I don't think anyone has bothered to read" the judgement as it had "nothing to do with freedom of expression at all", but the Official Secrets Act. [120] On 18 August, United States President Barack Obama asked the country's military leadership to set free all political prisoners, including Aung San Suu Kyi. [263][264], In December 2017, two Reuters journalists, Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo, were arrested while investigating the Inn Din massacre of Rohingyas alleged to have been carried out by Myanmar's security forces. Fear of losing power corrupts those who wield it and fear of the scourge of power corrupts those who are subject to it. (, ကျွန်ုပ် ... သည် လွှတ်တော်ကိုယ်စားလှယ်အဖြစ်ရွေးချယ်ခံရပြီးဖြစ်သဖြင့် နိုင်ငံတော်ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေကို ထိန်းသိမ်းကာကွယ် စောင့်ရှောက်ပြီး နိုင်ငံတော်၏ ဥပဒေများကိုလည်း လိုက်နာပါမည်။, Chairman of the State Administration Council, National Democratic Institute for International Affairs, Union Solidarity and Development Association, persecution of the Rohingya by the government forces, Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Kyoto University, "The School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London", "A Decade Later, Victims Still Seeking Depayin Massacre Justice", "Did the World Get Aung San Suu Kyi Wrong? Ce putsch, immédiatement condamné par plusieurs capitales étrangères, est nécessaire pour préserver la « stabilité » de […] L’armée a mis brutalement fin lundi à la fragile transition démocratie du pays, instaurant […] © 2021 Copyright France 24 - Tous droits réservés. [237] On 4 September 2017, Yanghee Lee, the UN's special rapporteur on human rights in Myanmar, criticised Suu Kyi's response to the "really grave" situation in Rakhine, saying: "The de facto leader needs to step in – that is what we would expect from any government, to protect everybody within their own jurisdiction. Calling Aung San Suu Kyi a "handmaiden to genocide",[245] Geldof added that he would take pride in his award being restored if it is first stripped from her. 13 November 2010: Released from house arrest. [11] In 2019, Aung San Suu Kyi appeared in the International Court of Justice where she defended the Burmese military against allegations of genocide against the Rohingya. In contrast with other ASEAN member states, Dung said Vietnam has always supported Myanmar and hopes it will continue to implement the "roadmap to democracy" outlined by its government. [75] On 2 October 2007 Gambari returned to talk to her again after seeing Than Shwe and other members of the senior leadership in Naypyidaw. Her lawyer stated that her legal team would pursue a new appeal within 60 days. [260] She stated that the allegations of genocide were "incomplete and misleading",[12] claiming that the situation was actually a Burmese military response to attacks by the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army. [6][7][8][9][10] Under her leadership, Myanmar also drew criticism for prosecutions of journalists. [229] According to The Economist, her "halo has even slipped among foreign human-rights lobbyists, disappointed at her failure to make a clear stand on behalf of the Rohingya minority". [174][175] The seat was previously held by Soe Tint, who vacated it after being appointed Construction Deputy Minister, in the 2010 election. Coincidentally, when Aung San Suu Kyi returned to Burma in 1988, the long-time military leader of Burma and head of the ruling party, General Ne Win, stepped down. Un rapport d’une commission d’enquête de l’ONU a estimé en 2018 que les haut gradés de l’armée birmane devaient « être poursuivis pour génocide » en raison de massacres de Rohingyas, une minorité musulmane, à l’été 2017 dans l’État de Rakhine, dans l’ouest du pays. [179] The speech was leaked online a day before it was broadcast. [193] [231] In May 2015, the Dalai Lama publicly called upon her to do more to help the Rohingya in Myanmar, claiming that he had previously urged her to address the plight of the Rohingya in private during two separate meetings and that she had resisted his urging. [54] Around this time, Aung San Suu Kyi chose non-violence as an expedient political tactic, stating in 2007, "I do not hold to non-violence for moral reasons, but for political and practical reasons. [28] Some of the money she received as part of the award helps fund London-based charity Prospect Burma, which provides higher education grants to Burmese students. The Burmese government detained and kept Aung San Suu Kyi imprisoned because it viewed her as someone "likely to undermine the community peace and stability" of the country, and used both Article 10(a) and 10(b) of the 1975 State Protection Act (granting the government the power to imprison people for up to five years without a trial),[65] and Section 22 of the "Law to Safeguard the State Against the Dangers of Those Desiring to Cause Subversive Acts" as legal tools against her. Her son Kim Aris was granted a visa in November 2010 to see his mother shortly after her release, for the first time in 10 years. [219][220], In 2017, critics called for Aung San Suu Kyi's Nobel prize to be revoked, citing her silence over the persecution of Rohingya people in Myanmar. [149], US President Barack Obama personally advocated the release of all political prisoners, especially Aung San Suu Kyi, during the US-ASEAN Summit of 2009. [216][217] She has also refused to grant citizenship to the Rohingya, instead taking steps to issue ID cards for residency but no guarantees of citizenship. Publié le : 01/02/2021 - 00:48Modifié le : 01/02/2021 - 12:23. [169], On 5 January 2012, British Foreign Minister William Hague met Aung San Suu Kyi and his Burmese counterpart. She had received the award in 2005 for promoting peace and democracy in Burma. She was offered freedom if she left the country, but she refused. It is not power that corrupts, but fear. The experience was described by Aung San Suu Kyi as "one of the most moving days of my life. [14] Her elder brother emigrated to San Diego, California, becoming a United States citizen. This decision was caused by the Government of Canada's determination that the treatment of the Rohingya by Myanmar's government amounts to genocide. A la différence qu’il pourrait être à la fois moins transparent et moins soumis. "La relation entre le gouvernement et les militaires était compliquée", souligne Hervé Lemahieu, spécialiste auprès de l'institut Lowy en Australie. This page was last edited on 7 April 2021, at 10:53. In 1995 Aung San Suu Kyi delivered the keynote address at the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing. In December 2019, Suu Kyi appeared in the International Court of Justice at The Hague where she defended the Burmese military against allegations of genocide against the Rohingya. However, Aung San Suu Kyi categorically rejected U Nu's plan by saying "the future of the opposition would be decided by masses of the people". [275] In a statement, the UN Secretary-General António Guterres believes "These developments represent a serious blow to democratic reforms in Myanmar." Un coup d’Etat a été perpétré lundi en Birmanie par la puissante armée qui a arrêté la cheffe de facto du gouvernement civil Aung San Suu Kyi, proclamé l’état d’urgence pour un an et placé ses généraux aux principaux postes. Dialogs with government officials and Foreign Diplomats, The line in question is Schedule Four of the 2008 Constitution (Form of Oaths or Affirmation), which states: "After being elected as an MP, I do solemnly swear to preserve, protect, and nurture the Constitution while following the nation's laws." [269] A police officer testified that he was ordered by superiors to use entrapment to frame and arrest the journalists; he was later jailed and his family evicted from their home in the police camp. [313] Tin Myo Win, her doctor, said that she had no serious health problems but weighed only 48 kilograms (106 lb), had low blood pressure, and could become weak easily. [161] He visited again on 5 July 2011, to accompany her on a trip to Bagan, her first trip outside Yangon since 2003. [49], During her time under house arrest, Aung San Suu Kyi devoted herself to Buddhist meditation practices and to studying Buddhist thought. More recently, there has been growing criticism of her detention by Burma's neighbours in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, particularly from Indonesia,[130] Thailand,[131] the Philippines[132][133] and Singapore. She had been detained before the elections and remained under house arrest for almost 15 of the 21 years from 1989 to 2010, becoming one of the world's most prominent political prisoners. However, her appeal against the August sentence was rejected by a Burmese court on 2 October 2009. The court also took the view that the Burmese government's efforts to remedy the situation "do not appear sufficient" enough to protect the Rohingya. Les craintes avaient encore grandi quand le chef de l'armée, le général Min Aung Hlaing – sans doute l'homme le plus puissant de Birmanie – avait déclaré que la Constitution pouvait être "révoquée" dans certaines circonstances. [142] However, Samak Sundaravej, former Prime Minister of Thailand, criticised the amount of support for Aung San Suu Kyi, saying that "Europe uses Aung San Suu Kyi as a tool. [74] He also met with Suu Kyi later the same year. "[238] The BBC reported that "Her comments came as the number of Rohingya fleeing to Bangladesh reached 87,000, according to UN estimates", adding that "her sentiments were echoed by Nobel Peace laureate Malala Yousafzai, who said she was waiting to hear from Ms Suu Kyi – who has not commented on the crisis since it erupted". [151] The Hatoyama government which spent 2.82 billion yen in 2008, has promised more Japanese foreign aid to encourage Burma to release Aung San Suu Kyi in time for the elections; and to continue moving towards democracy and the rule of law. [213][214][215], Initially, upon accepting the State Counsellor position, she granted amnesty to the students who were arrested for opposing the National Education Bill, and announced the creation of the commission on Rakhine state, which had a long record of persecution of the Muslim Rohingya minority. "Nous mettrons en place une véritable démocratie multipartite", ont déclaré les militaires dans un communiqué publié sur leur page Facebook, ajoutant que le pouvoir sera transféré après "la tenue d'élections générales libres et équitables". [230], In a 2015 BBC News article, reporter Jonah Fisher suggested that Aung San Suu Kyi's silence over the Rohingya issue is due to a need to obtain support from the majority Bamar ethnicity as she is in "the middle of a general election campaign". [236] Despite continued persecution of the Rohingya well into 2017, Aung San Suu Kyi was "not even admitting, let alone trying to stop, the army's well-documented campaign of rape, murder and destruction against Rohingya villages". The Freedom Campaign, a joint effort between the Human Rights Action Center and US Campaign for Burma, looks to raise worldwide attention to the struggles of Aung San Suu Kyi and the people of Burma. [61], Although under house arrest, Aung San Suu Kyi was granted permission to leave Burma under the condition that she never return, which she refused: "As a mother, the greater sacrifice was giving up my sons, but I was always aware of the fact that others had given up more than me. "[279], In a nod to the deep US political divide between Republicans led by Mitt Romney and the Democrats of Obama—then battling to win the 2012 Presidential election—she stressed, "Those of you who are familiar with American politics I'm sure understand the need for negotiated compromise. Her party boycotted the 2010 elections, resulting in a decisive victory for the military-backed Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP). This sentence was commuted by the military rulers to further house arrest of 18 months. [95] He had attempted to make a similar trip two years earlier, but for unknown reasons was turned away. ... Publié le 22 janvier 2019 à 06h30 - Mis à jour le 22 janvier 2019 à 10h07. She added: "We wish to learn from everybody who has achieved a transition to democracy, and also ... our great strong point is that, because we are so far behind everybody else, we can also learn which mistakes we should avoid. On the evening of 13 November 2010, Aung San Suu Kyi was released from house arrest. Nom officiel : République de l’Union de Birmanie Nature du régime : gouvernement civil dirigé depuis le 1er avril 2016 par le parti d’Aung San Suu Kyi. [158] The government newspaper New Light of Myanmar reported the release positively,[159] saying she had been granted a pardon after serving her sentence "in good conduct". [118] On 14 August, US Senator Jim Webb visited Burma, visiting with junta leader Gen. Than Shwe and later with Suu Kyi. Some[who?] Suu Kyi's mother, Khin Kyi, gained prominence as a political figure in the newly formed Burmese government. Ismail resigned from his post the following year, partly because he was denied re-entry to Burma on several occasions. [238] The next day George Monbiot, writing in The Guardian, called on readers to sign a change.org petition to have the Nobel peace prize revoked, criticising her silence on the matter and asserting "whether out of prejudice or out of fear, she denies to others the freedoms she rightly claimed for herself. President of National League for Democracy. She married Michael Aris in 1972, with whom she had two children. [260] She also questioned how there could be "genocidal intent" when the Burmese government had opened investigations and also encouraged Rohingya to return after being displaced. "[192] The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to award the Nobel Peace Prize for 1991 to Aung San Suu Kyi of Myanmar (Burma) for her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights.

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